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Origin Concept

Origin is the economic nationality of a commodity. The concept of origin refers to which country the economic value of a good belongs to. According to the Customs Law,

  • Mining products extracted in Turkey,
  • Herbal products harvested in Turkey,
  • Live animals born and raised in Turkey,
  • Products obtained from live animals raised in Turkey,
  • Fishing and hunting products caught and caught in Turkey,
  • Mineral products extracted from Turkish soil are of Turkish origin.

These products are completely manufactured in Turkey. Products that are completely produced in one country do not have any input from another country. In the case of products that are produced in a country, but also use inputs from other countries in their production and will be exported from that country, it is necessary to determine whether the product has gained the origin of that country as a result of the production activity carried out in that country.

Today, the production process of any product is not carried out from the beginning to the end within the borders of a single country. Manufacturers all over the world produce by supplying raw materials from different countries. The production of a product can start in one country and be completed in another. In an article produced in Turkey, besides domestic inputs, inputs imported from many countries can be used. It is getting harder and harder to find a country that can produce using its own domestic inputs or a product that is produced using completely domestic inputs. This change in production processes has increased the role and importance of the concept of origin and the rules of origin in international trade. The taxes to be collected from a commodity that is subject to trade between the two countries and the trade policy measures to which the goods will be subject are determined and differentiated according to the origin of the goods. Today, “origin of goods” is one of the key concepts of foreign trade. Because:

Calculation of customs duties to be collected from imports,
In the implementation of trade policy measures,
In keeping foreign trade statistics,

The country of origin of that item is taken as basis. Let us remind you that when we talk about the origin of an item that is subject to international trade, we are talking about the country where that item should be considered produced, not from which country it came. Origin of the item; It is one of the main factors used in the calculation of customs duties together with the tariff classification and customs value of the goods.

If an item subject to international trade meets the origin rule to be applied to this commercial transaction, a proof of origin document is issued to certify this situation. Which certificate of origin is to be issued for a commodity differs depending on whether the origin of that commodity is documented on the basis of preferential or non-preferential rules of origin. Click for detailed information about proof of origin documents.

If there is no agreement, the origin of the goods is determined on the basis of the rules of origin in the national legislation of the countries. The concept of origin that emerges within the framework of these rules is called “non-preferential origin”. The non-preferential origin of the goods is documented with the “certificate of origin”. Preferential rules of origin ensure that the trade policy measures applicable in the importing country are applied. Trade policy measures are applied to the import of goods originating in certain countries. In order not to apply a trade policy measure to the goods you will import, you will be asked to prove that this goods does not originate in the countries where the trade policy measure is applied, but in another country. For this, you must present a “certificate of origin” at the time of importation. In other words, in order to apply a reduced customs tax rate to the goods you want to import or to avoid customs duty, you need to prove where your goods came from; In order not to apply a trade policy measure to this goods, you must prove that your goods “did not come from the country where the measure was applied”. The “Certificate of Origin” is issued by the competent authorities of the country of origin.

According to customs legislation, the following information must be included in the certificate of origin.

a) Name, surname of the sender of the goods
b) Name and surname of the recipient in Turkey
c) Brands, numbers and numbers of the containers,
d) The type, type, gross and net weight and value of the goods and the method of shipment,
e) Certification of the authority that issued the certificate, (date, signature, seal or stamp)
f) If the certificate of origin is given as the origin of the goods due to the changes and transactions in that country, detailed explanations in this regard.

In case of serious doubt despite the certificate of origin being presented, the customs authorities are authorized to request additional evidence from you.

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